http://www.jbc.org/content/276/31/29596.short
Activation of Matrix Metalloproteinases by Peroxynitrite-induced Protein S-Glutathiolation via Disulfide S-Oxide Formation*
Tatsuya Okamoto‡,§, Takaaki Akaike‡¶, Tomohiro Sawa‡, Yoichi Miyamoto‡, Albert van der Vliet§ and Hiroshi Maeda‡+
Author Affiliations
From the ‡Department of Microbiology,
Kumamoto University School of Medicine, Kumamoto 860-0811,
Japan and the §Division of Pulmonary/Critical Care Medicine,
Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine,
University of California, Davis, California 95616
TIIVISTELMÄ
Abstract
Oxidatiivinen stressi voi aiheuttaa kudosvauriota aktivoimalla matrixmetaalloproteinaasien (MMP) esimuotoja (proMMP) .
- Oxidative stress may cause tissue injury through activation of the precursors of matrix metalloproteinase (proMMPs).
- In this study, we observed glutathione (GSH)-dependent proMMP activation induced by peroxynitrite, a potent oxidizing agent formed during inflammatory processes. Peroxynitrite strongly activated all three types of purified human proMMPs (proMMP-1, -8, and -9) in the presence of similar concentrations of GSH.
MALDI-TOF -massaspektrometrisesti osoitettiin, ettei ainoastaan peroxynitriitti + GSH tuottanut ditiotreitoliresistenttiä S-glutatiolaatiota synteettiseen peptidiin PRCGVPD ( joka on tunnettu proMMP:n autoinhibitorinen domaani, jossa on konservoitunut cysteiinin sisältävä jakso)- sillä myös syntetisoitunut GSNO2 tuotti ditiothreitolresistenssin.
Oletetaan PRCGVPDS- glutatiolaation tapahtuvan glutationi disulfidi S-oxidin muodostumisen kautta (GS(O)SR). Nämä tulokset osoittavat ainutlaatuisen mekanimsin, jolla proMMP aktivoituu oxidatiivisesti ja kudos kärsii tulehduksen aiheuttamasta oksidatiivissta vauriosta.
- Of the potential reaction products between peroxynitrite and GSH, only S-nitroglutathione (GSNO2) caused proMMP activation. ExtensiveS-glutathiolation of the proMMP protein occurred during activation of proMMP by peroxynitrite and GSH, as shown by radiolabeling studies with [35S]GSH or [3H]GSH. Evidence of appreciable S-glutathiolation persisted even after dithiothreitol and protein-denaturing treatment, however, suggesting that some S-glutathiolation did not occur through formation of simple mixed disulfide. Matrix-assisted laser-desorption ionization-time-of-flight mass spectrometry indicated that not only peroxynitrite plus GSH but also synthetic GSNO2 produced dithiothreitol-resistant S-glutathiolation of the synthetic peptide PRCGVPD, which is a well conserved Cys-containing sequence of the propeptide autoinhibitory domain of proMMPs. PRCGVPDS-glutathiolation is presumed to be formed through glutathione disulfide S-oxide (GS(O)SR), based on them/z 1064. Our results illustrate a unique mechanism of oxidative proMMP activation and oxidative tissue injury during inflammation.
Abbreviations:
ECM
extracellular matrix , Extrasellularinen matriksi
MMP
matrix metalloproteinase, matrixmetalloproteinaasi
proMMP
precursors of MMP, MMP- edeltäjämolekyyli
IPF
idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, keuhkofibroosi
PCMB
p-chloromercuribenzoate
NEM
N-ethylmaleimide
PAGE
polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis
HPLC
high performance liquid chromatography
NAC
N-acetyl l-cysteine
BSA
bovine serum albumin
GSNO
S-nitrosoglutathione
GSNO2
S-nitroglutathione
MALDI-TOF MS
matrix-assisted laser-desorption ionization-time-of-flight mass spectrometry
CBB
Coomassie Brilliant Blue
DTT
dithiothreitol
Received March 19, 2001.
Revision received May 3, 2001.
The American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Inc.